【作者简介】吴熙，潜伟，北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院

【文章来源】《社会学研究》2025年第6期

【内容提要】长期以来，技术维护活动的重要性为技术创新活动所遮蔽，相关的社会学研究少有开展。20世纪80年代以来，物质能动性理论、行动者网络理论等为技术维护研究提供了有力支持。科学、技术与社会研究领域中的学者对技术维护问题进行了实证研究，探讨了其中的创新、伦理、权力、性别等议题，揭示出技术维护是技术创新的“对蹠体”，有助于全面反映技术活动的本体结构及社会学意义。当代中国已建成庞大的物质技术系统，其健康运行离不开科学维护，因此相关研究对中国式现代化行稳致远具有重要意义。

【关键词】技术维护；技术创新；能动性理论；行动者网络理论

【全文链接】https://shxyj.ajcass.com/Magazine/show/?id=121294

Sociological Studies on Technology Maintenance and Its Implications for China

Abstract: Over an extended period, the importance of technological maintenance activities has been overshadowed by technological innovation activities,with limited sociological research conducted in this regard. Since the 1980s, theories such as material ageney theory and actor network theory have provided strong support for the study of technological maintenance. Scholars in the field of Science, Technology and Society (STS) have conducted empirical research on technological maintenance, exploring issues such as innovation, ethics, power relations,and gender. These studies reveal that technological maintenance serves as the "antipode" to technological innovation, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the ontological structure of technological activities and their sociological significance. Nowadays China has established an extensive material and technological system, the healthy operation of which relies on scientific maintenance. Consequently ,research in this area is of substantial significance for the steady and long-term advancement of Chinese modernization.