【作者简介】李晓光，西安交通大学社会学系副教授，主要研究方向为社会分层和社会网络；程诚（通讯作者），东南大学社会学系副教授，主要研究方向为人际网络与分层流动；王奕轩，西安交通大学社会学系副教授，主要研究方向为性别与移民。

【文章来源】《社会学评论》第6期

【内容提要】本文结合2000年中国人口普查数据和2003—2017年中国综合社会调查数据，对满族1910—1980 年出生世代展开历史考察。研究发现，在近百年的社会变迁中，满族保持了较高的教育水平。通过建立回归模型和分解模型进一步发现，满族成员主要通过家庭再生产策略和居住相对优势来维持其教育水平。这对进一步提升我国少数民族的教育水平具有重要政策启示：首先，政府和社区组织有必要鼓励少数民族家庭改善投资策略，重视对子女教育的支持和投资；其次，在乡村振兴和共同富裕的战略部署下，政府有必要加强对少数民族居住环境中的教育投资，为少数民族子女提供优质的教育资源。

【关键词】满族，教育获得，社会变迁，家庭再生产，居住环境

【全文链接】http://src.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V11/I6/167

Educational Attainment of Manchu in Social Dynamics among Past Century in China: Empirical Findings Based on 1910-1980 Birth Cohorts

LI Xiao-guang，CHENG Cheng，WANG Yi-xuan

Abstract：This study uses the datasets from China Census in 2000 and China General Social Survey in 2003-2017, to conduct a historical comparison among birth cohorts between 1910 and 1980. The results show that the Manchus have continued to outperform other ethnic groups in the social changes over the past century. The regression and decomposition model shows that Manchu members maintain their educational advantages through two main channels: family reproduction strategies and residential comparative advantages. These findings have important policy implications for further improving the education level of ethnic minorities in China. First, the government and community organizations should encourage the improvement of the family’s investment strategies and attach more importance to the investment in children’s education. Second, in the strategic context of rural revitalization and common prosperity, the government should strengthen investment in education in the living environment of ethnic minorities and provide children with high-quality educational resources.

Keywords:Manchu，education attainment，social dynamics，family reproduction，living environment