【作者简介】薛雯静 北京大学社会学系；宋丹丹 北京大学社会学系

【文章来源】《社会》2024年第2期

【内容提要】当前，在市场及社会多方力量投身乡村建设的大背景下，农民与外部力量互动对接中的“农民主体性”问题越发凸显。本文将“农民主体性”界定为乡村建设项目中农民的参与意愿、协调一致行动的能力与责任意识，并经由芳林村“美丽乡村保护项目”的案例研究，探讨农民之间参差不齐的主体性的深层基础。本文提出，应建立一种村庄关系“圈层”中的“农民主体性”概念。“圈层”是农民定位项目与自身关系的基本视角，是农民行动合作的基础结构，也是农民以共同事业为己任的伦理动力源泉，而建立这种主体性则需要能够兼顾不同圈层利益且人品优良的关键人物的榜样带动。

【关 键 词】农民主体性, 圈层结构, 乡村建设, 关键人物

【基金项目】本研究得到国家社会科学基金重大项目“乡村振兴战略下县域城乡融合发展的理论与实践研究”（22&ZD189）支持。

【全文链接】https://www.society.shu.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I2/125

“Peasants’ Subjectivity” in Circle Structure: A Case Study of “Beautiful Village Protection Project”

Abstract: With various market and social forces participating in rural construction, “peasants’ subjectivity” in the interaction between peasants and external forces has become an increasingly prominent issue. This article discusses the connotation of “peasants’ subjectivity” through a case study of a planning and design company’s “Beautiful Village Protection Project ” in Fanglin Village， S Province， and analyzes the foundation of the “uneven” subjectivity among peasants in practice. Built upon existing research， this article examines “peasants’ subjectivity” at three levels: peasants’ willingness to participate， their ability to act in a coordinated manner， and their sense of responsibility in rural construction projects. Through the discussion of the case， this article proposes a concept of “peasants’ subjectivity” in the “circle structure” of village social relations. The “circle structure” is the basic perspective from which peasants understand the relationship between external projects and themselves. When the key figures in the project change， their willingness to participate and enthusiasm for action would also change. The “circle structure” is the infrastructure for peasants’ cooperation. When the core members of the circle fail to have outward visions and properly handle the interests of different groups， the closed nature of the circle itself would make it difficult for the organisation to act in coordination. Finally， the “circle structure” is also a source of motivation for people to regard common affairs as their own responsibility. Only through their ethical connections with specific people and driven by examples of good leaders can peasants be continuously inspired to dedicate themselves to work and share risks with others.

Key words: peasants’ subjectivity, circle structure, rural construction, key figures