【作者简介】王建民，中央财经大学社会与心理学院教授，主要研究方向为社会学史、中国传统社会思想、网络社会学；原源，上海社会科学院文学研究所硕士研究生，主要研究方向为中国传统社会思想。

【文章来源】《社会学评论》第4期

【内容提要】中国传统儒家思想蕴含着社会学研究的丰富资源，其中的仁义观是理解中国人行动逻辑的关键。中国古典小说塑造的仁义形象及其影响具有“民情”意涵，从中可以管窥中国人的价值和行动取向。文章以小说《三国演义》的经典故事“关云长义释曹操”为核心文本，运用“过程-事件-感通分析”的方法，讨论了奉军师将令擒拿曹操的关羽为何“以私废公”放其通行，并被视为“义”，分析了这一“公私转化”背后的“絜矩之道”。关于“絜矩论”的讨论，有助于理解中国传统社会的公私观念和中国人行动伦理的特质。

【关键词】公私转化，仁义，絜矩之道，过程-事件-感通分析

【全文链接】http://src.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V11/I4/166

“The Model in Practicing the Principle of Reciprocity”in Public-Private Conversion: A Sociological Analysis of“Guan Yu Lifts His Saber to Release Cao Cao”in the Novel Romance of The Three Kingdoms

WANG Jian-min，YUAN Yuan

Abstract：Traditional Chinese Confucianism contains rich resources for sociology studies, among which the concept of benevolence and righteousness is the key to understand the logic of Chinese social actions. The classic stories and characters in Chinese classical novels often have the implication of mores, from which we can get a glimpse of the value and action orientation of the Chinese.Based on the classic story of“Guan Yu lifts his saber to release Cao Cao”in Romance of The Three Kingdoms, this article uses the method of process-eventgantong analysis to discuss why Guan Yu, who was taking a military command to arrest Cao Cao, finally let him pass by“allowing private feelings to outweigh public duty”, which is taken as righteousness. The secret of making this“public- private conversion”is“the model in practicing the principle of reciprocity”(xiejuzhidao). The discussion on“the theory of reciprocity (xieju)”helps us understand the public-private concepts and the characteristics of action ethics in traditional Chinese society.

Keywords:public- private conversion, 'ren' and 'yi' (benevolence and righteousness), the model in practicing the principle of reciprocity(xiejuzhidao),process-event-gantong(sensing) analysis