【作者简介】胡安宁，复旦大学社会学系教授

【文章来源】中国人民大学复印报刊资料《社会学》2023年第3期/《学术月刊》2022年第11期

【内容提要】文化虽然被社会科学研究者视为解释社会现象的重要变量，但是从微观个体层面来讲，文化何以作用于个体从而改变个人的态度或者偏好仍有进一步细化和讨论的空间。借助文化三角模型和文化双重过程理论，通过区分可陈述的个体文化和不可陈述的个体文化，将文化的作用机制细分为实质认同与图式结构两类。利用这一机制分类框架，分析了中国社会传统生育促进文化如何通过这两种机制影响个体的子女性别偏好，以及个体的教育水平如何影响传统生育促进文化两种作用机制的强度。文化作用机制的这一分类框架助力于理解当代中国社会传统文化的社会现实效力，回应日渐少子化社会的现实关切，促进中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展。

【关 键 词】文化/实质认同/图式结构/传统生育促进文化/子女性别偏好

Substantive Approval and Schematic Association: The Sociological Analysis of the Working Mechanism of Culture

Hu Anning

Abstract: Although culture has been frequently cited by social scientists to account for social phenomenon,there is still room for specification of the mechanisms through which culture works. This article draws onthe culture triangle model and the dual process theory, to make a nuanced distinction between themechanism of substantive approval and the mechanism of schematic association. To illustrate thistheoretical framework, we examine how the traditional fertility-promoting culture in China affects one’spropensity of son preference through these two mechanisms, and how one’ s educational attainmentmoderates the strength of these two mechanisms. This framework of the culture mechanism helps tounderstand the social effect of traditional culture, responds to social concerns in an era of low fertility rate,and promotes the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese traditional culture.

Key words: culture/substantive approval; schematic association; traditional fertility-promoting culture; preference about children's sex