【作者简介】郑家豪，赵延东，中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心

【文章来源】《社会学评论》2025年第1期

【内容提要】当前关于工作有无意义的讨论凸显了职业使命感研究的重要性。职业使命感意在通过职业实现自我价值与利他主义。本研究从结构化理论视角出发，基于一项对中国城市居民的抽样调查数据，探讨个人如何在结构性约束下，通过资源重塑与规则重塑的方式转变自己的职业使命感。研究发现：一方面，不同职类的职业使命感存在显著差异，非技术工人的职业使命感较低，职业固有的工作方式影响职业使命感；低工作收入者的职业使命感较低。另一方面，过度教育者具有高效与亲社会倾向特征，因而更可能积极重塑工作，从而提升职业使命感；高职业使命感群体的积极社会影响也有助于提升他人的职业使命感。研究表明，当面对无意义的工作，深耕职业以努力改善际遇、积极重塑工作，是获致职业使命感的有效路径。

【关键词】职业使命感 / 结构化理论 / 工作重塑 / 过度教育

【全文链接】http://src.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V13/I1/195

Cultivating This Field: Finding a Calling in Mundane Work

Abstract: The current discussion of “bullshit jobs” highlights the importance of research on“calling”.Calling aims to realize self-worth and altruism through work. From the perspective of structuration theory, based on a sample survey of Chinese urban residents, this paper explores how individuals change their calling through resource crafting and rule crafting under structural constraints. The results show that: On the one hand, there are significant differences in calling between occupational categories. Unskilled workers have a lower sense of calling, and the inherent work style of a occupation influences the sense of calling. People with low job income have a lower sense of calling. On the other hand, overeducated individuals have the characteristics of high efficiency and prosocial tendency, so they are more likely to actively craft jobs so as to enhance the sense of calling, The positive social impact of high-calling groups also helps to enhance the sense of calling of others. This article concludes that even if they encounter meaningless mundane work, they can still deeply cultivate their occupation to improve their chances, actively craft their jobs, and enhance their calling.