【作者简介】文超，东南大学艺术学院副教授，主要研究方向为艺术社会学。

【文章来源】《社会学评论》第5期

【内容提要】在艺术社会学研究中，真实问题是个关键问题。艺术社会学家认为，艺术是一种社会现象，他们致力于追寻它的真实。以霍华德·贝克尔为代表的社会学家认为，艺术是一种集体活动，社会学家关注的参与其中的社会角色越多，就越接近真实。他们认为大者为真，小者相对不真，这是一种大小模式的真实观。以皮埃尔·布迪厄为代表的社会学家认为，艺术是一种社会活动，社会学家眼睛所见的只是表象，它由更深层的结构所决定，在他们看来，深者为真，浅者相对虚幻，这是一种深浅模式的真实观。两种模式的真实观之间存在激烈的交锋。在布迪厄看来，贝克尔只关注表层的互动，而忽略了决定它们的深层结构；在贝克尔看来，布迪厄关注的深层结构并无经验基础，眼前可见的真实才是可以获得的唯一真实。两种模式各有深厚的社会学根源，我们应积极推动两者的对话与融合，使艺术界（场）既有广度又有深度。

【关键词】艺术社会学；真实；大小模式；深浅模式

【全文链接】http://src.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V11/I5/5

In Search of the Truth：On the Big-Small Mode and Deep-Shallow Mode of Sociology of Arts

LU Wen-chao

Abstract：In the study of the sociology of arts, the question of truth is a key issue. Sociologists of arts believe that art is a social phenomenon, and they strive to find its truth. Sociologists, represented by Howard S. Becker, believe that art is a collective activity. The more social roles sociologists pay attention to in the activity, the closer it will be to reality. They believe that the big is true, and the small is relatively untrue, which is Big- Small Mode. While other sociologists, represented by Pierre Bourdieu, believe that art is a social activity, what sociologists see is only the appearances determined by the deeper structure. In their view, the deep is true, and the shallow is relatively unreal, which is Deep-Shal?low Mode. There is a fierce debate between the two modes. In Bourdieu’s view,Becker only focuses on superficial interactions, ignoring the deep structures that determine them; in Becker’s view, the deep structures that Bourdieu focuses on have no empirical basis, and what we see in our eyes is the only truth that we can grasp. They each have their own deep sociological traditions, we should actively promote the dialogue and integration of the two so that the art world(field)has both breadth and depth.

Keywords:sociology of arts, truth, Big-Small Mode, Deep-Shallow Mode