【作者简介】黄剑波、乔毕洋，华东师范大学人类学研究所

【文章来源】《社会学研究》2026年第3期

【内容提要】通过梳理伦理人类学的理论脉络，本文发现，不同学者对 “道德”与“伦理”这两个概念的选用折射出不同的人观，其对伦理经验的识别则辗转于“平常”的默会状态与“非常”的反思时刻。此外, 学者对伦理超常性的关注，既纵承福柯晚期思想，又横跨伦理的不可通约性。伦理人类学的这些论辩不再囿于传统文化相对主义，而指向关系性、生成性的认识论与方法论，并且有可能与中国本土思想资源碰撞出具有交叠共识的“人”的研究。

【关键词】伦理转向；道德人类学；伦理与道德；中国人类学；“；人”；的研究

【项目基金】本文为国家社会科学基金重点项目“汉语人类学百年学术史及理论回顾”（23AMZ005）的阶段性成果。

【全文链接】https://shxyj.ajcass.com/Magazine/show/?id=122856

Ethical Anthropology: Lineages and Prospects

Abstract: From the theoretical lineages of ethical anthropology, it can be seen that different scholars' preference for the concepts of “morality ”and “ethics”reflects distinct visions of the human. Their discernment of ethical experience shifts between the tacit state of “ordinary ”and moments of “extraordinary ”reflexivity. Furthermore, their attention to the extraordinary of ethics vertically traces a lineage to 182 Foucault's late work, while horizontally spanning the incommensurability of ethics. These debates in ethical anthropology are no longer confined to traditional cultural relativism, but point toward relational and processual epistemologies and methodologies. The discussion in this article holds the potential to spark a study of the “human”capable of achieving an overlapping consensus through engagement with indigenous Chinese intellectual resources.