【作者简介】冯雪红，《北方民族大学学报》编辑部教授；张文文，北方民族大学民族学学院博士研究生

【文章来源】中国人民大学复印报刊资料《社会学》2023年第3期/《民族研究》2022年第5期

【内容提要】生态人类学是人类学的一个重要分支学科，注重对人类、文化与生态环境之间的关系进行研究。基于中西比较的视野，本文对生态人类学学科的基本问题和学术发展脉络进行了梳理和评述。中西方生态人类学研究具有共同性：研究方法的运用和完善基本一致；重视传统生态知识的发掘、整理和研究；共同关注全球性生态环境问题。此外，由于研究对象与所处世界关系的变化，也使中西方生态人类学具有明显的差异性：在学科发轫时期，理论与现实观照不同；对比学科研究范式，回应与发展转向不同；追溯学术思想渊源，探索与应用倾向不同。当前，我国生态文明建设处于重要时期，中国生态人类学研究前景广阔。

【关 键 词】生态人类学/文化适应/全球生态危机

A Review on the Development of Ecological Anthropology

Feng Xuehong & Zhang Wenwen

Abstract: Ecological anthropology is an important branch of anthropology, which focuses on the study of the relationship among humanity, culture and ecological environment. Based on the comparison between China and the West, this paper reviews the basic problems and academic development of ecological anthropology and Western ecological anthropology: the application and improvementof research methods are basically the same; both emphasize on the exploration, collationand research of traditionalecological knowledge (TEK);both pay attention to global ecological and environmental issues. Meanwhile, due to the changes of the relationship between the researchobject and the world, there are obvious differences between Chinese ecological anthropology and Western ecological anthropology: inthe early development stage of this subject, theoretical and reality observation were different; in terms of the research paradigms of disciplines, the response and development direction are different; as for the origin of academic thought, the exploration and application tendencies are different. At present, China is in a significant period of advancingecological conservation, and the research prospect of Chinese ecological anthropology enjoys promising prospects.

Key words: ecological anthropology; cultural adaptation; global ecological crisis