【作者简介】袁同凯、陈楠，南开大学社会学院；鞠佩知，新疆纪检监察学院

【文章来源】《社会学研究》2026年第3期

【内容提要】21 世纪初，西方人类学为回应以“晦暗”和“苦难”为中心的研究取向，兴起了关注道德与伦理的“伦理转向”。学者们结合美德伦理学、福柯研究、现象学等传统，提出以“伦理实践”为分析核心的多元理论。在民族志研究中，伦理人类学家强调情境与个体的独特性，深描个体的伦理实践，探索日常生活中的“希望”。西方人类学的“伦理转向”启发中国人类学关注社会生活的伦理维度，反思研究的基本分析概念，重视本土的伦理经典。通过中西比较可见，社会科学的道德伦理研究能够推动更深层的跨文明理论对话。

【关键词】伦理转向；道德伦理；日常伦理；伦理实践

【项目基金】本文系国家社会科学基金文化遗产保护与传承研究重大专项“文化遗产保护与精神文明创建相互赋能研究”（25VWB004）的阶段性成果。

【全文链接】https://shxyj.ajcass.com/Magazine/show/?id=122857

The “Ethical Turn”in Western Anthropology and Its Implications for Chinese Anthropological Research

Abstract: At the beginning of the 21st century, Western anthropology developed an “ethical turn ”in response to approaches centered on “darkness ”and “suffering,”shifting attention toward moral and ethical life. Drawing on virtue ethics, Foucauldian studies, phenomenology, and other related traditions, scholars have developed diverse theoretical approaches centered on “ethical practice. ”In ethnographical studies, ethical anthropologists emphasize the particularity of contexts and individuals, offering thick descriptions of ethical practices to explore the“hope”embedded in everyday life. The “ethical turn”in Western anthropology has inspired Chinese anthropology to attend more closely to the ethical dimensions of social life, to reflect on its basic analytical concepts, and to revalue indigenous ethical classics. Through comparisons between China and the West, it is evident that the study of morality and ethics in the social sciences can foster deeper cross-civilizational theoretical dialogue.