【作者简介】彭馨妍，中山大学社会学与人类学学院人类学系助理教授。

【文章来源】《社会学评论》2024年第1期

【内容提要】现有文献关注到了美国人类学家大卫·施耐德在欧美人类学界的影响，但并未系统梳理以施耐德为代表的亲属研究在问题意识上的几次关键转变。本文以施氏的亲属研究、理论与批判为主线，揭示出其在问题意识上经历了从“社会”到“文化”再到“地方生物学”的转变。本文也将结合当下人类学前沿理论，简评施耐德如何在几十年前就将亲属研究从认识论层面推动到了本体论层面。

【关 键 词】人类学理论；（新）亲属研究；生物与社会；自然与文化；大卫·施耐德

【基金项目】广东省哲学社会科学规划 2022 年度青年项目（GD22YSH04）

【全文链接】http://src.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V12/I1/166

How Should Kinship Studies Continue to Exist? Inspirations from David Schneider’s Theory and Critique of Kinship

PENG Xinyan

Abstract:The existing literature has paid attention to how the American anthropologist David Schneider has shaped Euro-American anthropology, and yet has not systematically traced the key transformations regarding objects of inquiry in Schneiderian kinship studies. This article takes the kinship studies, theories, and critiques of Schneider as a central thread, and demonstrates how Schneiderian kinship studies have turned its central objects of inquiry from“society”to“culture” and eventually to“localbiology.”Taking into account the recent developments in anthropological theories, I will comment on how Schneider has already pushed kinship studies from the level of epistemology to that of ontology several decades ago. This paper takes Schneider as a point of departure, and extends to nearly a century of kinship studies and relevant anthropological theories in Euro-American academia. I hope it will inspire more scholars of China to focus on kinship phenomena in today’s Chinese society.

Keywords:anthropological theory, (new) kinship studies, biology and society,nature and culture, David M. Schneider