【作者简介】崔岩，中国社会科学院社会学研究所；黄永亮，江苏省社会科学院

【文章来源】《社会学研究》2023年第5期

【内容提要】本文重点讨论我国经济社会转型背景下农民工就业质量高度异质性背后的影响因素。分析发现，农民工就业质量的高度分化可以从农民工劳动技能的结构性变化、行业间技能偏向型技术进步的差异化特征、新职业新业态所带来的职业高度分化等角度予以解释。在行业技术升级和新职业规模扩大的背景下，有效提高中低技能农民工的就业质量，对于促进我国在新阶段实现高质量发展和持续扩大中等收入群体具有重要意义。

【关键词】农民工；就业质量；职业分化；技能分化；新职业

【项目基金】本文为江苏省社会科学基金青年项目“乡村振兴背景下江苏农村社会质量研究”（23SHC004）的阶段性成果，并受中国社会科学院社会学研究所创新工程项目支持。

【全文链接】http://shxyj.ajcass.org/Magazine/?Year=2023&Issue=5

Employment Skills and Occupational Differentiation: Differences in the Quality of Employment of Migrant Workers and Its Social Consequences

Abstract：This article focuses on the influencing factors behind the heterogeneity in the employment quality of migrant workers in the context of China's economic and social transformation. It finds that the differentiation in the quality of employment of migrant workers can be explained from the perspectives of structural changes in the labor skills of migrant workers, the differentiating features of skill-biased technological progress among industries, and the high degree of occupational differentiation brought about by new business models. Against the backdrop of technological upgrading in industries and the expanding scale of new occupations, effectively improving the employment quality of middle- and low-skilled rural migrant workers is of great significance in promoting China's realization of high-quality development in the new stage and the sustained expansion of the middle-income group.