【作者简介】韩克庆,中国社会科学院社会发展战略研究院研究员、博士生导师,主要研究方向为社会保障、社会政策、社会福利。

【文章来源】《社会建设》2023年第5期

【内容提要】目前国内的社会保障研究中，存在一种较为普遍的情形是政策语言和学术概念的混杂使用。就城镇职工基本养老保险来说，存在将“机关事业单位工作人员基本养老保险”和“企业职工基本养老保险”并称为“城镇职工基本养老保险”的情况，在有关数据的统计口径上也至少包括了企业职工和机关事业单位工作人员这两大类覆盖群体。社会保障政策语言的混用，对于政策执行和学术研究带来一些不利影响。从制度运行和发展的角度看，主要表现在不利于制度类别的划分、不利于制度发展脉络的传承、不利于制度覆盖对象的区分、不利于制度的经办管理几个方面；对学术研究来说，主要表现在带来概念使用的随意和混乱、带来学术研究和制度实践的脱节、带来研究数据和研究结论的偏差、带来盲目跟从的不良学风等。为此，需要从概念化和操作化、逻辑推理和理想类型、科学理论建构三个方面，实现社会保障政策语言的学科化。

【关键词】城镇职工；基本养老保险；社会保障；政策语言；学科化

【全文链接】https://shjs.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V10/I5/20

The Disciplinization of Social Security Policy Language: Taking Basic Pension Insurance for Urban Employees as an Example

Han Keqing

Abstract: There is a common situation of mixed use of policy language and academic concepts in domestic social security research currently.As for the basic pension insurance for urban employees, there is a situation where "basic pension insurance for employees of government agencies and public institutions" and "basic pension insurance for enterprise employees" are collectively referred to as "basic pension insurance for urban employees".In terms of relevant data statistics, it also includes at least two categories of coverage groups, one isenterprise employees, the other is government agencies and public institutions employees.The mixed-use of social security policy language has some adverse effects on policy implementation and academic research.From the perspective of institutional operation and development, it mainly manifests in several aspects, such as unfavorable for the classification of institutional categories, the inheritance of institutional development context, the differentiation of institutional coverage objects, and the operation and management of institutions.For academic research, it mainly manifests in the casual and chaotic use of concepts, the disconnection between academic research and institutional practice, the deviation of research data and conclusions, and the toxic academic atmosphere of blindly following.Therefore, it is necessary to achieve the disciplinization of social security policy language from three aspects, conceptualization and operationalization, logical inferential and ideal types, and construction of scientific theory.

Keywords: urban employees; basic pension insurance; social security; policy language; disciplinization