【作者简介】王永梅，首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院副教授，主要研究方向养老服务保障；武佳，首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院硕士研究生，主要研究方向为养老保障；纪竞垚，中国宏观经济研究院社会发展研究所副研究员，主要研究方向为养老服务保障。

【文章来源】《社会建设》2023年第2期

【内容提要】家庭养老床位是我国居家和社区养老服务改革的重要成果之一，但有关家庭养老床位的学术研究非常有限。基于政策文本和调查数据，全面了解我国家庭养老床位的发展现状与需求特征。研究发现，家庭养老床位在经历起步、稳步发展后，2021 年进入全面发展阶段。民政部门作为重要的牵头单位积极出台政策，各大城市都加快探索实践，生活照料、个人护理、康复护理、医疗保健、精神慰藉等“五大服务领域”是其主要服务内容，但基层医疗卫生部门尚未参与到家庭养老床位的服务中来。城市居民对家庭养老床位的潜在需求较大，生理脆弱性、居住在中心城区、收入水平较高或自感经济困难是重要的预测指标。未来应着力解决医护资源的整合，推进家庭养老床位的标准化。

【关键词】家庭养老床位，理论阐释，政策现状，城市居民需求，回归分析

【基金项目】国家社会科学基金重大项目“实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略”（21ZDA106）。

【全文链接】https://shjs.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V10/I02/68

Development Status Quo of China’s Family Eldercare Beds andDemand Characteristics of Urban Residents

Wang Yong-mei，Wu Jia，Ji Jing-yao

Abstract: Family eldercare beds are among the important achievements of China’s reform in family andcommunity eldercare services. However, there are limited academic studies on family eldercare beds. Based onpolicies and the sample survey data, this study explored the total picture of the development status quo of China’sfamily eldercare beds and demand characteristics. The authors found that after going through the start-up and steadydevelopment phase, family eldercare beds had entered a full-scale development stage since 2021. The civil affairsdepartments played a leading role in the intensive introduction of policies, and all major cities accelerated theirexploration and practice, with five main service areas standing out, namely, daily care, personal care, rehabilithe provision of family eldercare beds. There were great hidden demands among urban residents according to thepredictive indexes, mainly physiological vulnerabilities, living in central urban areas, relatively high-income levels,and a sense of economic difficulties. This study suggests that we should pay more attention to integrating medicaland nursing resources and promoting the standardization of family eldercare beds.

Keywords: Family Eldercare Beds; Theory Explanations; Policies; Demands of Urban Residents; RegressionAnalysistation