【作者简介】叶士华,哈尔滨工业大学（深圳）公共管理系；朱健刚,南开大学社会学院

【文章来源】《社会》2024年第5期

【内容提要】本文以全国性社会组织联合救灾网络为对象，采用案例研究方法，以社会内部视角来解释异质化社会组织之间合作的运行机制。研究发现，该网络以持有现代公益理念的基金会为中心，以省级协调机构为中间层，以具有传统志愿精神的草根组织为基础，三者之间形成有效联合的层级式网络治理结构。第一层级网络通过达成现代公益理念的共识来凝聚两个主体，第二层级网络通过省级协调机构发挥协调功能来缓解现代公益理念与地方志愿文化两个意义世界之间的张力，并因省级协调机构资源动员策略的分化而导致地方网络活力呈现差异。本文指出，中国情境下社会组织合作网络建立的目的在于实现社会组织的有序参与和有效治理，这一结论挑战了“社会横向连接有助于西方意义上的社会生产”的假设。

【关 键 词】社会组织, 合作网络, 层级式治理网络, 省级协调机构

【基金项目】本研究为2022 年度国家社科基金一般项目“社会组织参与突发公共卫生事件应急治理能力提升研究”（22BZZ089）的阶段性成果。

【全文链接】https://www.society.shu.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I5/1

Hierarchical Network Governance：A Type of Alliance Mechanism for Social Organizations

Abstract: This study is a case study that examines a nationwide and decade-long network of joint social organizations of disaster relief，focusing on the specific operational mechanisms of collaboration among heterogeneous social entities within society. The approach differs from the perspective of “understanding society in the light of the state”，as well as organizational cooperation studies under the general theory of organization. The study identifies three major players in the network： philanthropic foundations，provincial coordinating bodies acting as intermediaries， and grassroots volunteer organizations. These three components form a hierarchical network governance structure that effectively facilitates organizational collaboration. The characteristics of this hierarchical network governance mechanism lie in the following：the first-tier network unite the foundations and provincial coordinating bodies through a consensus on modern philanthropy；the second-tier network relies on the coordinating role of provincial bodies，which take on more responsibilities as agents，simplifying the requirements of modern philanthropic practices，easing the tension between modern philanthropic concepts and local volunteer culture，and thereby realizing the compatibility of the two and fostering the transformation of grassroots volunteer forces into modern philanthropic entities. Provincial coordinating bodies play a crucial role in sustaining the vitality of local networks by actively expanding resources and responding to the resource needs of grassroots organizations at the county level，which in turn enhance the functionality and efficiency of the overall network. The study concludes that the hierarchical network governance represents a unique form of horizontal connection among social organizations within the Chinese context，which can effectively unite diverse social forces，achieve social integration and is of great practical significance for social organisations to participate in governance. The finding challenges the assumption that social horizontal connections produce relatively independent society.

Key words: social organizations, collaborative network, hierarchical governance, provincial coordination organization