【作者简介】池上新，深圳大学政府管理学院社会学系；石耀东，深圳大学政府管理学院社会学系；黄继朝，深圳大学社会科学学院。

【文章来源】《社会》2023年第5期。

【内容提要】基于世界价值观调查（WVS2018）的中国数据，本文从世代差异的分析视角考察了后物质主义价值观对中国居民政治参与的影响。研究发现，第一，当前中国居民的后物质主义价值观得分并不高，但呈现明显的世代差异，成长于改革开放之后的世代显著更高，并随着世代后移呈现递增趋势；第二，政治参与的世代效应在不同维度上有所差异，成长于改革开放之后的世代在制度外政治参与、网络政治参与上呈现世代递增趋势，在基层选举参与上则相反；第三，后物质主义价值观对基层选举参与的影响不显著，但对制度外政治参与、网络政治参与有促进作用，并且，对制度外政治参与的影响随着世代后移呈现递增趋势。研究证实，社会发展所带来的公众价值观的变迁，可以作为解释当代中国居民制度外政治参与和网络政治参与的文化变量之一，同时指出在价值观、公民有序政治参与引导上需要更加关注年轻世代。

【关 键 词】后物质主义价值观；政治参与；世代差异

【全文链接】https://www.society.shu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V43/I5/204

Post-Materialistic Values and Political Participation of Chinese Residents: Based on the Analysis of Generational Differences

CHI Shangxin & SHI Yaodong & HUANG Jizhao

Abstract: Previous studies have shown that post-materialistic values have an important impact on public political participation of the public in Western countries, but there is a lack of research on its role on public political participation in China. Based on Chinese data from the World Values Survey(WVS2018), this paper investigates the impact of post-materialistic values on Chinese residents' political participation from the perspective of generational differences. The selected measurement options of post-materialistic values are assigned different weights and aggregated according to the priority order of goals. Political participation is operationalized into three main types: intra-system, extra-institutional, and online political participation. The generational differences are divided into four generational cohorts: initial construction, reform and opening-up, marketization, and the new century. The study found that: firstly, the score of the current post-materialistic values of Chinese residents is generally not high, but there is a clear generational difference-significantly higher for those who grew up after the reform and opening up, as well as an increasing trend as the generations move forward. Secondly, the generational effect of political participation varies in different aspects. The generations growing up after the reform and opening-up show a generational increasing trend in the political participation outside the system and online, but it is opposite in grassroots elections. Thirdly, post-materialistic values have no significant impact on grassroots election participation but have a significant contributing effect on online political participation and extra-institutional participation which shows an increasing trend with each generation. These findings hold true after robustness testing. Therefore, the study confirms that the changes in public values brought about by social development can be used as cultural variables to explain the extra-institutional and online political participation of contemporary Chinese residents. It also suggests that more attention should be paid to the younger generation in the guidance of values and orderly political participation of citizens.

Key words: post-materialistic values； political participation； generation difference