【作者简介】武洹宇 上海大学社会学院；朱健刚（通讯作者） 南开大学社会学院

【文章来源】《社会》2024年第2期

【内容提要】通过对“Dean Lung汉学讲席”事件演绎而来的“丁龙传奇”进行探析，本文发现其历史叙述的重要建构节点多出现在美国“中国热”与中国知识分子建构自身文化认同的风潮交汇互动之际。一系列的互动过程揭示了鸦片战争以前的国际秩序在近现代如何发挥双重意义图式的作用:它既沉淀为以儒家文明为符号的华夏中心情结作用于中国，也转化为以“儒教中国”为象征的积极东方主义作用于西方。两者以不同时期的发展形态在“丁龙传奇”的建构空间对话和交互阐释，鲜明地呈现了近代中美交往的过程中对“何谓中国”的符号化想象。由此可见，知识分子所阐发的中国文明本身，也被跨文化交往中的既有历史结构所笼罩。这意味着“文化自觉”的纵向内省与横向交流，实为相辅相成、互相建构的一个多时空不断对话的动态系统。择取其中积极的中国符号进行表达，或能引发异文化乃至国际社会对中国的极大善意和兴趣，但也在一定程度上窄化了人们想象中国的空间，限制了认知真实中国的丰富可能。意识到这一点，将有助于中外学者理解并掌握文明交流互鉴的密匙，以更加广阔的胸襟和丰富的智慧讲好中国与世界的故事。

【关 键 词】丁龙, 捐赠, 文明交流互鉴, 文化自觉, 海外中国观

【基金项目】本研究为2020年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“中国近代公益观念研究”（20YJC840031）、南开大学文科发展基金重点项目“第三次分配视域下的公益慈善事业研究”（ZB22BZ0108）的阶段性成果。

【全文链接】https://www.society.shu.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I2/36

Interactive Construction Between Overseas Views of China and Chinese Cultural Subjectivity Narration

Abstract: By analysing the legend of Dean Lung derived from the Dean Lung Lectureship in Sinology event, this paper finds that the important construction nodes of its historical narrative can be mostly placed in the intersection between the China Fever in the United States and the trend among Chinese intellectuals to construct their own cultural identity. A series of interactions reveal how the international order prior to the Opium War played a dual role in the modern era： for China, it became a central Chinese complex， symbolized by Confucian Civilization; for the West， it was transformed into positive Orientalism， symbolized by Confucian China. The dialogue between the two in the construction space of Dean Lung’s legend， with their different developmental forms， constitutes an interactive interpretation， which clearly represents the symbolic imagination of “What is China？” in the course of modern Sino-American communication. In this regard， the interpretations of Chinese civilization produced by intellectuals are also enveloped by the established historical structures of cross-cultural interactions. This reveals that the vertical introspection and horizontal communication of “cultural consciousness” are actually a dynamic system of continuous dialogue across time and space that complements and constructs each other. The selection of positive China symbols for expressions may generate goodwill and interest toward China from other cultures and even the international community but also， to some extent， narrows the space for people to imagine China and limits the possibilities of knowing the real China. Once aware of this， scholars will be better placed to understand and master the key to the cultural exchange. It will also help us to tell the story of China and the world with a broader mind and richer wisdom， and continuously deepen the theoretical thinking on the dialogue， mutual appreciation and integration among civilizations.

Key words: Dean Lung, donation, cultural exchange and mutual learning, cultural self-consciousness, overseas view of China