【作者简介】张琪琛,中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心;罗啸尘,中共广安市纪律检查委员会

【文章来源】《社会》2024年第5期

【内容提要】本文以西南A县为例，探讨了涉农资金县域统合背景下的项目制转型及其影响。研究发现，伴随着中央放权，项目制从原本的“部门运作”转型为“县域运作”，并呈现出更强的项目动员能力和社会整合色彩。一方面，项目制的县域运作推动了更广泛的条块合作。不仅“条条”间为了破解配套难题需要积极开展项目统筹，“条块”间也会采取关系化的项目竞争策略。另一方面，项目制的县域运作缓和了县域内部的利益冲突。A县便采取了县委书记“定盘子”、业务部门“藏盘子”的定向发包策略，充分协调了各参与主体的诉求。总之，县域运作的项目制呈现出从总体控制到项目动员的逻辑转型，其项目整合的范围也从内部条块拓展至基层社会。

【关 键 词】项目制, 涉农资金, 县域运作, 项目动员, 社会整合

【基金项目】本研究为中国人民大学科学研究基金（中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助）项目成果（项目编号：23XNH122）。

【全文链接】https://www.society.shu.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V44/I5/30

Project System Transformation in the Context of County-Level Integration of Agricultural Fundings：The Case of County A in Southwest China

Abstract: Taking County A in Southwest China as an example，this study discusses the transformation of the project system and its impacts in the context of the county- level consolidation of agriculture-related funds. The study reveals that，as the central government delegates fund management and project approval to county-level governments，the project system has transitioned from a primarily“departmental operation” to a “county-level operation” model，and has shown a heightened capacity for project mobilization and social integration. On the one hand，the county-level operation model has fostered broader intra-governmental cooperation. To meet higher-level government assessments for project fund management，operational departments（tiao） actively engage in coordination and leverage each other’s funds to fulfil their supporting roles. Local township governments（kuai） also employ various informal competitive strategies in project relations，partnering with higher level operational departments（tiao） to bid on projects. On the other hand， the county-level operation model mitigates conflicts stemming from project-related competition，and thereby promotes social cohesion. In the case of County A，project selection took into full consideration the collective developmental aspirations of the local community and the interests of various project bidders，thus achieved an effective balance between operational efficiency and utility. In conclusion，under the county-level operation model，the logic of project management has shifted from a focus on comprehensive control over grassroots society to an emphasis on the use of projects to mobilise local communities on a broad scale. Consequently，local society has been continuously restructured through government projects，and meanwhile the degree of social solidarity has also been increased as a result.

Key words: project system, agricultural-related funds, county-level operation, project mobilization, social integration