【作者简介】黄永亮，江苏省社会科学院《学海》编辑部；崔 岩，中国社会科学院社会学研究所

【文章来源】《社会学评论》2025年第5期

【内容提要】基于吉登斯的结构化理论，本文探讨了现代性条件下知识与抽象系统之间的二元悖论：一方面，作为实践的核心媒介，知识提升了个体能动性；另一方面，由于抽象系统的脱域过程的存在，知识又强化了社会结构的稳定性。然而，知识分配的不对称及对专家系统的依赖，限制了个体反思能力与对社会结构的改造，导致认知困境的形成。在人工智能时代，需特别关注知识权力关系对社会稳定与变迁的深远影响，以深化对现代社会结构和技术风险的理解。

【关键词】能动性 / 知识 / 抽象系统 / 结构二重性

【全文链接】http://src.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V13/I5/145

The Binary Paradox of Knowledge and Abstract Systems: A Reconsideration Based on Giddens’Structuration Theory

Abstract: This paper explores the binary paradox between“knowledge”and“abstract systems”under the conditions of modernity, based on Giddens’structuration theory.On one hand, as the core component of practice, knowledge enhances individual agency; on the other hand, through the process of disembedding in“abstract systems”, knowledge strengthens the stability of social structures. However, the unequal distribution of knowledge and its dependence on expert systems restrict individuals’ reflective capacity to reconstruct social structures, forming a cognitively inaccessible domain of knowledge. In the era of artificial intelligence, special attention must be paid to the profound impact of knowledge and power relationships on social stability and change, so as to deepen the understanding of modern social structures and technological risks.